翻译与异质他者的文化焦虑

摘　要：翻译的核心问题之一是对异质他者的文化焦虑和矛盾心理，在构成翻译基础的文化政治中，异质他者性在本质上被具体 化。尽管说意识形态无处不在有些言过其实，但它显示出一种主要跟语言和艺术息息相关的倾向，并且对翻译的需要同目的语言系统的政治或文化关注密不可分。差异的文化政治跟坦言、真诚、可理解性和移情有很大关系。翻译的有效性不仅仅来自对所译信息内容的合理解读，还取决于目的语读者的能力，在于目的语读者通过获取对异质他者在其文化政治语境中的必要了解，而将该信息同相关文化情境联系起来的能力。技巧上或者说人为的等同需要拒绝和简化原义，然而强制文化输入被理所当然地认为是一种入侵；常以意识形态冠之的文学和翻译的争论，往往围绕异质他者的建构力和破坏力来进行。尽管有时与主流政治环境相悖，翻译仍然可以接受和引入异质的政治和民族价值观。
 

Translation and the Cultural Anxiety over Otherness
 by Sun Yifeng (Lingnan University) p.5
 

Abstract: The translator's anxiety and ambivalence over the otherness reified in cultural politics is a central issue in translation studies. The ideology's ubiquity in this field of practice may have been overstated, yet it does manifest itself through translation's inseparability from the politico-cultural concerns in the target language system, and as a tendency bound up with language and art. The cultural politics of difference has a lot to do with what counts as truth-telling, sincerity, intelligibility and empathy. Effective translation depends not only on a reasonable understanding of the content of the source message, but also on the target audience's ability to relate that message to its own cultural situation by getting to know the source text-embodied otherness in its cultural political context. It takes rejection and reduction of the source message to turn the other into the self in translation, yet translation itself implies cultural impositions, which are necessarily intrusive. This explains why debates on literature and translation, often ideologically charged, tend to center around what otherness is capable of doing to, or undoing, the self. In defiance of the prevailing political conditions, translation may embrace and introduce foreign political and ethical values.